Batching, mixing, transporting, and handling concrete. Performance comparison of cement replacing materials in. Evaluating the performance of alternative supplementary cementing material in concrete 5. Effects of supplementary cementing materials on the setting time. Today, most concrete mixtures contain supplementary cementitious materials that make up a portion of the cementitious component in concrete. Blended portland cements containing supplementary cementitious. Pdf a wide variety of materials are currently used as supplementary cementitious materials scms for concrete, including natural materials. Based on semi adiabatic calorimeter tests, a heat of hydration model is presented to quantify the. The use of finely ground limestone filler lf as a cement replacing material is also becoming a widely considered option, partly because of the.
Supplementary cementing materials in concrete part i. Pdf supplementary cementing materials for high performance. Evaluating the performance of alternative supplementary cementing material in concrete showing 14 of 148 pages in this report. Founded in 1904 and headquartered in farmington hills, michigan, usa, the american concrete institute is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the development, dissemination, and adoption of its consensusbased standards, technical resources, educational programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations. In in particular, the incorporation of supplementary cementing material is essential when the high. Typical examples are fly ashes, slag cement ground, granulated blastfurnace slag, and silica fume. Sip 1 limits on quantity of supplementary cementitious. Cip 30 supplementary cementitious materials what are supplementary cementitious materials. However, the dependence in texas on fly ash for improving concrete performance is risky because the future availability of this material is questioned. Today, due to improved access to these materials, concrete producers can combine two or more of these materials to optimize concrete properties.
Alternative supplementary cementitious materials for sustainable. Supplementary cementitious materials, also called scms, are materials that, when used in conjunction with portland or blended cement, contribute to the properties of concrete through hydraulic or pozzolanic activity. Sip 1 limits on quantity of supplementary cementitious materials by the nrmca research engineering and standards committee table 1. Supplementary cementing materials for high performance concrete has been used in the production of high performance concrete. Scms can influence the mechanical properties of concrete and improve its durability in aggressive environments. Supplementary cementing materials in concrete michael d.
Introduction fly ash, ground granulated blastfurnace slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, such as calcined shale, calcined clay or metakaolin, are materials that, when used in conjunction with portland or blended cement, contribute to the properties of the hardened concrete through hydraulic or pozzolanic activity or both. Each chapter is devoted to a particular supplementingcementing material. Durability of high performance concrete containing supplementary cementing materials using rapid chloride permeability test m vijaya sekhar reddy1, i v ramana reddy2, k madan mohan reddy1 and abibasheer basheerudeen3 high performance concrete hpc has become an object of intensive research due to its growing use in the construction. Concrete can provide longterm durability and value when you use quality materials, and place, cure and maintain it properly. Supplementary cementing materials are often added to concrete to make concrete mixtures more economical, reduce permeability, increase strength, or influence other concrete properties. The fabrication of such blended cements depends of course on the local availability of the supplementary materials. The objective of this paper is to describe and quantify the influence that the. When scmcontaining concrete is placed during cold weather. Pdf supplementary cementitious materials for concrete. Commercially available fly ash is a finely divided. It was concluded that chemical admixtures and some supplementary cementing materials can be used to improve the workability of concrete with high. Supplementary cementing materials undergo chemical reactions in concrete, and the products of reaction are cementitious in nature.
The addition of scm to concrete reduces the heat of hydration and extends the service life in structures by. Carbonation rate and reinforcing steel corrosion of. Aitcin, in science and technology of concrete admixtures, 2016. The use of finely ground limestone filler lf as a cement replacing material is also becoming a widely considered option, partly because of the limited availability of. Mitigation of alkali aggregate reaction of concrete incorporation rice husk ash abstract. Effects of multiple supplementary cementitious materials on. Supplementary cementing materials scms provide many benefits to concrete mixtures in terms of cost, longterm strength, and durability. The purpose of this tech brief is to describe common supplementary cementitious materials scms, highlight their benefits and drawbacks when used in concrete for highway applications, and discuss recent trends that may. Aci committee 233, slag cement in concrete and mortar, aci manual of concrete practice. Fly ash, the most commonly used pozzolan in concrete, is a byproduct of thermal power generating stations. Also explore the seminar topics paper on decorative concrete with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year civil engineering ce or ieee civil construction btech, be, mtech students for the year. It presents the provenance of these materials and their chemical, physical, and mineralogical properties. The author links the properties of the material at the microstructural level with its behavior in laboratory tests, and, in turn, to the. High volume supplementary cementing materials hvscm concrete means concrete that contains a level of supplementary cementing materials above that typically used in construction.
These materials are generally byproducts from other processes or natural materials. A fundamental estimation of the efficiency factor v. As a further step, supplementary cementing materials were employed to enhance various desirable properties of concrete sometimes in the fresh state, but more often in the hardened state. Furnish mixing and curing water that is free from oils, acids, organic matter, or other deleterious substances. Supplementary cementing materials in concrete by michael. Discussionsome examples of supplementary cementitious materials are fly ash, silica fume, slag cement, rice husk ash, and natural pozzolans. Traditionally, fly ash, slag, calcined clay, calcined shale, and silica fume were used in concrete individually. Concrete aggregates rca and supplementary cementing materials scm such as fly ash and silica fume were used to produce durable and environmentally friendly concrete and for the evaluation of its carbonation depth and carbonationinduced reinforcement corrosion when it is exposed to accelerated conditions. Supplementary cementitious materials also react differently with different cements. The text book provides detailed information on the use of supplementary cementing materials scm, such as fly ash, slag, silica fume and natural pozzolans, in concrete. Authors saamiya seraj, rachel cano, shukui liu, david whitney, david fowler, raissa ferron, jinying zhu, maria juenger 8. Supplementary cementing materials scms contribute to the properties of hardened concrete through hydraulic or pozzolanic activity. Supplementary cementing materials rafat siddique springer. As this may discourage the concrete industry to keep on using these materials as cement replacing material and stimulate their landfilling again, it seems not the appropriate way of dealing with these byproducts.
Supplementary cementing materials in concrete part ii. Pdf near surface characteristics of concrete containing. A supplementary cementitious material, when used in conjunction with portland cement, contributes to the properties of the hardened concrete through hydraulic or. Therefore, the supplementary cementing materials are no longer considered as merely cement replacement materials or extenders. Supplementary cementitious materials scms are added to concrete mixtures for various reasons including improving durability, decreasing permeability, aiding in pumpability and finishability, mitigating alkali reactivity and improving the overall hardened properties of concrete through hydraulic or pozzolanic activity or both. Use of supplementary cementing materials to increase the. Fly ash has been used in high performance concrete mainly to impart durability. You can expect some variations in surface and performance because concrete is mostly made of natural materials. Long term effectiveness of supplementary cementing materials against asr duchesne, j. Tsimas department of chemical engineering, national technical university of athens, 9 heroon polytechniou, zografou campus, gr157 73 athens, greece received 25 july 2001. These can be used individually with portland or blended cement or in.
Investigation of alternative supplementary cementing. The use of supplementary cementitious materials scms in concrete reduces co2. The proportion of fly ash in concrete is usually larger than that of highly reactive supplementary cementing materials such. Best practices for concrete pavements supplementary. It is based on the literatureresearch findings published in. Deicing salt scaling resistance of concrete incorporating.
The term concrete refers to a mixture of aggregates, usually sand, and either gravel or crushed stone, held together by a binder of cementitious paste. The purpose of this tech brief is to describe common supplementary cementitious materials scms, highlight their benefits and drawbacks when. Mixture adjustments at the jobsite for air entrainment, and the addition of other admixtures, is permitted, followed by sufficient mixing. Supplementary cementing materials supplementary cementing materials scms contribute to the properties of hardened concrete through hydraulic or pozzolanic activity. This paper presents the results of an investigation on the use of metakaolin and silica fume as supplementary cementing materials in enhancing the near surface properties of concrete. Evaluating the performance of alternative supplementary. Using supplementary cementing materials scms as cement replacing materials is common practice in the construction industry to achieve more durable concrete and less co 2 emissions associated with producing concrete materials. They are primarily used for improved workability, durability and strength. Pdf influence of supplementary cementing materials on. Concrete basicsaddresses the needs of unskilled and semiskilled persons undertaking general concreting projects including home and handyman projects. Supplementary cementing materials the portland cement.
Decorative concrete seminar report, ppt, pdf for civil. Scms can influence the mechanical properties of concrete and. Fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, chapter 3. These materials allow the concrete producer to design and modify the concrete mixture to suit the desired application. The visual evaluation of the sidewalks after four winters has confirmed the severity of the astm c672 procedure and the adequateness of the bnq procedure to better evaluate the deicing salt scaling resistance of concrete made with. This paper discusses the influence of different dosage levels of class c fly ash, class f fly ash, and ggbf slag on the heat of hydration of concrete. A wide variety of materials are currently used as supplementary cementitious materials scms for concrete, including natural materials and byproducts from various industries. The paste is typically made up of portland cement and water and may also contain supplementary cementing materials scms, such as fly ash or. In its most basic form, concrete is a mixture of portland cement, sand, coarse aggregate and water. Explore decorative concrete with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Supplementary cementing materials scms, such as fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, make a significant difference to the properties of concrete but are rarely understood in any detail. The principal cementitious material in concrete is portland cement. Introduction to concrete portland cement association. Scms can influence the mechanical properties of concrete and improve its durability in aggressive.
Today, most concrete mixtures contain supplementary. Supplementary cementitious materials can be used for improved concrete performance in its fresh and hardened state. Limits on cementitious materials for concrete assigned to exposure class f3 table 26. Characterization needs article pdf available in mrs online proceeding library archive 1488 january 2012 with 3,946 reads how we measure reads. Concrete basicsaims to provide a clear, concise explanation of all aspects of making quality concrete. Furnish admixtures conforming to dms4640, chemical admixtures for concrete.
Cementitious materials are the cement and supplementary cementing materials used in concrete. Supplementary cementitious materials institute for transportation. Supplementary cementing materials portland cement association. Tsimas department of chemical engineering, national technical university of athens, 9 heroon polytechniou, zografou campus, gr157 73 athens, greece. Several supplementary cementitious materials are now blended with portland cement clinker in order to produce more sustainable binders. This book is an attempt to consolidate the published research related to the use of supplementary cementing materials in cement and concrete. Currently, limited guidance is available to the engineer to quantify the heat of hydration for cementitious systems that include supplementary cementing materials scms. Supplementary cementing material is an important component of high performance concrete. Each chapter is devoted to a particular supplementing.
Blending supplementary materials into opc improves properties we will see in detail how this is effected reduces cost materials like fly ash are waste products from other industries environmental effects concrete acts as a sink to hazardous products. The use of supplementary cementing materials scms in concrete is increasing. The most robust and stable approach is mass allocation, yet it imposes huge impacts to the supplementary cementitious materials. What are supplementary cementing materials scms civil. Supplementary cementing materials in concrete covers the chemical, physical, and mineralogical properties of scms. Optimizing the use of fly ash in concrete portland cement.